China’s State Council Information Office announced Monday that the country’s economic growth in 2025 met the government’s target, with annual GDP expanding 5% year-on-year to exceed RMB140 trillion (US$20.01 trillion). For the fourth quarter alone, GDP grew 4.5% year-on-year, aligning with market expectations.
Quarterly analysis shows GDP growth decelerating throughout 2025: Q1 recorded 5.4% year-on-year growth, falling to 5.2% in Q2, then 4.8% in Q3 and 4.5% in Q4.
By sector, the added value of the primary sector reached RMB9.3 trillion (US$1.34 trillion), growing 3.9% year-on-year; the secondary sector reached RMB50 trillion (US$7.18 trillion), growing 4.5%; and the tertiary sector RMB80.1 trillion (US$11.5 trillion), growing 5.4%, with services showing relatively faster growth.
Beyond GDP, related macroeconomic data indicates that nationwide industrial output value for enterprises above designated size grew 5.9% year-on-year. Total retail sales of consumer goods reached RMB50.1 trillion (US$7.19 trillion), up 3.7% year-on-year. Fixed-asset investment nationwide totaled RMB48.5 trillion (US$6.96 trillion) for the year, down 3.8% year-on-year.
Regarding population, the national population at year-end stood at 1.41 billion, a decrease of 3.4 million compared to the previous year-end.
The State Council Information Office stated that overall, China’s national economy maintained a development trajectory of “steady progress amid challenges” in 2025 despite multiple pressures, achieving new results in high-quality development.
However, authorities also noted that the impact of external environmental changes has deepened, domestic supply-demand imbalances remain pronounced and economic development continues to face both persistent issues and new challenges.
“In the next phase, we will continue to expand domestic demand, optimize supply and promote the economy’s qualitative improvement and reasonable quantitative growth,” the Office stated.
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